Torben at 20:54, 30 October 2024

2024-10-30T20:54:45Z

New page

[[Category:Coding]][[Category:Software]]
===Basics===
set datafile commentschars '#'
set datafile missing '#'
set datafile separator "\t"

Simple Plot
data = 'data.dat'
plot data
#or
plot sin(x)

Plot multiple lines
plot\
"1.dat" title "Eins"\
,"2.dat" title "Zwei"\
,"3.dat" title "Drei"\

png output
set terminal png giant size 1024,768
set output "plot.png"
plot sin(x)
unset output

Multiplot / 2 stacked plots
set multiplot layout 2,1 columnsfirst
plot sin(x)
plot cos(x)
unset multiplot

Plot different columns of same file using 2 y-axes
data = 'data.dat'
plot\
data using 1:3 title "Drei" axes x1y2 \
,data using 1:2 title "Zwei"

better:
plot\
data using (column("X-Values")):(column("Drei")) title "Drei" axes x1y2 \
,data using (column("X-Values")):(column("Zwei")) title "Zwei"

====Common Mistakes / Errors====
Integer division:<br>
use 10.0 / 3 instead of 10/3

====Plot Region of Function====
plot \
(x<=0.0)||(x>=0.5)?1/0:sin(x) \
, (x<=0.5)||(x>=1.0)?1/0:cos(x)

====Filter Data to Plot====
plot data \
using (column("Date")):(column("Cases_Last_Week_Doubling_Time")>0 ? column("Cases_Last_Week_Doubling_Time") : 1/0) \
title "Verdopplungszeit" axis x1y2 with lines ls 5 linecolor rgb "sea-green"

====String Functions====
get file base name of data file and add .png for outfile
data = "myDatafile.dat"
set output data[0:strlen(data)-4] . ".png"

===Layout===
====Terminals====
set terminal postscript enhanced eps color solid # solid!!!
set terminal png enhanced giant size 1024,768

For PostScript and MP you should
set border back
as otherwise the frame is drawn twice (can be found using inkscape)

My Favorite: Terminal MP (Metapost) (needs Latex and UbuntuPackage texlive-metapost)

#term = "png"
term = "mp"
if (term eq "png" ) set terminal png enhanced giant size 1024,768
if (term eq "mp" ) set terminal mp color solid latex psnfss prologues 2 magnification 1.00
outfile="plot123"
set output outfile . "." . term
plot sin(x)
unset output

if (term eq "mp" ) \
system ("mpost -tex=latex '".outfile.".mp'")
; system ("mv " . outfile . ".0 " . outfile .".mps") \
; system ("convert -density 300 ".outfile.".mps ".outfile.".png") \
; system ("rm -f ".outfile.".mpx")
; system ("rm -f ".outfile.".log")
; system ("rm -f ".outfile.".mp")

====General====
set title "Plot Title"
# set default plot style
set style function points
# define linestyles
set style line 1 lt 1 lw 2
# Legend position
set key top right # or set key off
# advanced:
set key bottom left box width -3 reverse Left samplen 2 #invert title "Sinus"
# default:
set key on right top vertical Right noreverse noinvert samplen 4 spacing 1.25 title "" nobox

====Axes====
set xlabel "Time (s)"
set ylabel "Current (A)"
set grid xtics ytics

# set tics
set xtics mirror
set ytics mirror
# add some tics
set xtics add (0.003, 0.03, 0.3)
set xtics add ("Pi" 3.14159)

# Disable autorange of axes
set xrange [1:*]
set yrange [2.8E-08:3.0E-08]
set logscale y
# set format of number to 1e-03 etc
set format y "%1.e"
# 10^x
set format y "10^{%L}"
# "%" sign:
set format y "%g%%"
# % sign in Terminal MP (Latex)
set format y "%g".'\%%'
# NullAchsen einfügen
set zeroaxis
# or
set xzeroaxis ls -1 lw 2

====Date/Time Axis====
set timefmt '%Y-%m-%d' # %d.%m.%Y %H:%M
set format x '%d.%m'
set xdata time
set xrange ["2020-03-01":]

using offset in time axis
plot data u (column("Date")):(column("Deaths_Last_Week_Per_Million")) t "Tote" axes x1y2 with lines ls 2, \
data u (timecolumn(2)-14*24*3600):(column("Deaths_Last_Week_Per_Million")) t "Tote verschoben um 14 Tage" axes x1y2 with lines ls 3
unset output

====Linked axes====
Variant 1
Linked tics on top axes e.g. bottom=nanometer/top=eV
[http://www.boyfarrell.com/learning-curve/linked-axes-in-gnuplot]

set x2label "Temp (C)"
set x2tics (\
"25" 1000/(c0C+25) \
, "50" 1000/(c0C+50) \
, "75" 1000/(c0C+75) \
, "100" 1000/(c0C+100) \
, "125" 1000/(c0C+125) \
)
Important: you have to set plot range for x and x2!!!
plot [xmin:xmax] [*:*] [xmin:xmax]

Links:
[http://www.duke.edu/~hpgavin/gnuplot.html]

Variant 2: easier
plot sin(x)
set y2range[0:GPVAL_Y_MAX/1.60934] # km -> mile
set y2tics
replot

====Add Text to Plot====
set label "text" at 3.3e-3,90e-3
plot ...

set label 1 sprintf("Ea = %3.5g",-b*ckb/ce) at 3.3e-3,90e-3
plot ...
unset label 1
# position can be given via differnet systems: first (=x axes), second (=x2 axes), graph (=pos in graph area 0.0..1.0) , screen, character
# see help set coordinates
set label "text" at graph 0.25, graph 0.75

====Colors====
set color of axes label or tics to that of line XYZ
set ylabel "Label" textcolor lt 1
set ytics textcolor lt 1

====Draw Line/Arrow====
set arrow nohead from 0,0 rto 10,1
set arrow from fitLow, graph 0 to fitLow, graph 1 nohead lc -1 lw 2
plot ...
unset arrow
Note: set arrow must be placed before the plot command

line at y=0 in date plot
set arrow nohead from graph 0, first 0 to graph 1, first 0

Draw circle, rectangle, ellipse, or polygon
set object 1 circle at xwert , ywert behind

====Adjusting Margins/Distances====
Axis label closer to tics (unit = characters, other units possible as well)
set xlabel offset 0.0,0.5
set ylabel offset 1.5,0.0
set x2label offset 0.0,-0.5
set y2label offset -1.5,0.0

margins: (l,r,t,bmargin)
set lmargin 3 # unit chars
set lmargin at screen 0.1 # useful for multiplots

====Fonts====
in Linux run
export GDFONTPATH=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/msttcorefonts
than you can use all the fonts in that dir. For example
set terminal png giant font "Arial,24"

=====Latex Fonts=====
From [http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Gnuplot], needs Linux package "cm-super")
set term postscript fontfile '/usr/share/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm-super/sfrm1000.pfb' "SFRM1000"
or after copying the file
set term postscript fontfile '/MessSoftware/sfrm1000.pfb' "SFRM1000"

=====Greek Symbols in Latex=====
To get a greek letter, you have to use the ''postscript terminal'', with the option ''enhanced''. Then, to add the alpha greek letter, you have to type ''{/Symbol a}''. Analogously for other letters, changing the "a" by other, like "D" for Delta and so on...
[http://ontublog.blogspot.com/2009/09/greek-letters-in-gnuplot.html]

====Modify Default Line Types/Styles====
set style increment user # important!!! switch between linetypes (default) and userdefined linestyles
set style line 1 linewidth 2 pointsize 2 linecolor rgb "blue"
set style line 2 linewidth 2 pointsize 2 linetype 7
set style line 3 linewidth 2 pointsize 2

===Fitting===
b=5
f(x) = x**b
fit f(x) "data.dat" using 1:2 via b
plot "data.dat" title "data" notitle, f(x) title "fit"
# to weight the data (here by y^(-2)) use sth like the following:
# fit f(x) "data.dat" using 1:2:(1./$2**2) via b
f05(x)=a05*exp(b05*x)+0
fit [0.003:0.006] f05(x) "V6_05.dat" using (1./(($3/2+$4/2)+273.15)):($2*5380716) via a05,b05
a=1; b=1
f(x)=a*exp(b*x)
fitLow =0.0030
fitHigh=0.0055
fit [fitLow:fitHigh] f(x) "data.dat" via a,b
print a,b
set output "png/fit.png"
plot \
"data.dat" title "5V" with points pointsize 0.2\
, (x<=fitLow)||(x>=fitHigh)?1/0:f(x) notitle with lines \
unset output

====Interpolate====
smooth csplines

====Advanced Fitting====
FIT_LIMIT = 1e-8 # or even smaller

[http://gnuplot-tricks.blogspot.com/2009/12/restricting-fit-parameters.html restricting fit parameters]
f(x) = a *exp(-(x-b )*(x-b )/c /c )
g(x) = A(a)*exp(-(x-B(b))*(x-B(b))/C(c)/C(c))

# trick: use atan as restriction function
A(x) = (2.0-1.1)/pi*(atan(x)+pi/2)+1.1 # Restrict a to the range of [1.1:2.0]
B(x) = (0.9-0.1)/pi*(atan(x)+pi/2)+0.1 # Restrict b to the range of [0.1:0.9]
C(x) = (1.5-0.5)/pi*(atan(x)+pi/2)+0.5 # Restrict c to the range of [0.5:1.5]

a =0.0 ; b =0.5 ; c =0.9 ;
fit f(x) 'data.dat' via a, b, c
aa=1.5 ; bb=0.5 ; cc=0.9 ;
fit g(x) 'data.dat' via aa, bb, cc
plot "data.dat" , f(x) , g(x)

print A(aa), B(bb), C(cc) # do NOT use aa, bb, cc as they are not what you want!!!

===Stats===
In GP Ver>4.6 the new function stats is quite convenient.
stats data
STATS_records # total number of in-range data records
STATS_min # minimum value of in-range data points
STATS_max # maximum value of in-range data points
STATS_mean # ...
STATS_median
STATS_stddev # standard deviation
STATS_pos_min_y # x coordinate of a point with minimum y value
STATS_pos_max_y # x coordinate of a point with maximum y value

====Finding Min and Max for X and Y====
In GP Ver 4.2 (and above) these tricks, stolen from [http://www.phyast.pitt.edu/~zov1/gnuplot/html/statistics.html] are handy
data = 'stats2.dat'
# Retrieve statistical properties via dummy plot
plot data u 1:2
min_y = GPVAL_DATA_Y_MIN
max_y = GPVAL_DATA_Y_MAX
min_x = GPVAL_DATA_X_MIN
max_x = GPVAL_DATA_X_MAX

# X Pos of min_y and max_y
plot data u ($2 == min_y ? $2 : 1/0):1
min_y_x_pos = GPVAL_DATA_Y_MIN
plot data u ($2 == max_y ? $2 : 1/0):1
max_y_x_pos = GPVAL_DATA_Y_MAX

# Mean via fit + Std Deviation
f(x) = mean_y
fit f(x) data u 1:2 via mean_y
stddev_y = sqrt(FIT_WSSR / (FIT_NDF + 1 ))

====Histogram====
data="data.dat"
stats data # retrieve STATS_ variables ...
rows = STATS_records # num values
mu = STATS_mean_y
sigma = STATS_stddev_y # standard deviation

# histogram parameters
width=0.5 # box width (units of x!)
max = 0.0+ceil(mu+3*sigma) # plot range max
min = 0.0+floor(mu-3*sigma) # plot range min

# gaussean function
gauss(x) = 1. / (sigma * sqrt(2 * pi)) * exp(-(x - mu)**2 / (2 * sigma**2))
# histogram function
hist(x) = width * floor(x / width) + width / 2.0

# some settings
set key off
set tics out
set xrange [min:max] ; set x2range [min:max]
set yrange [0:]
set y2range [0:]
set grid x2tics ytics
# set xtics min, (max - min)/4.0, max
set x2tics ("-3s" mu-3*sigma, "-2s" mu-2*sigma, "-1s" mu-1*sigma, "µ" mu, "1s" mu+1*sigma, "2s" mu+2*sigma, "3s" mu+3*sigma)
set boxwidth width
set style fill solid 0.5
set tics out nomirror
set xlabel "Value"
set ylabel "rel. Density"
set format x "%g"
set format y "%g %%"

plot \
data using (hist($1)):(100.0 / rows) smooth freq w boxes lc rgb"red" notitle \
, gauss(x) * sigma * sqrt(2*pi) axes x1y2 notitle lc rgb"blue" lw 2
unset output

=====Historam with logscale=====
GnuPlot 5.0 has a [https://sourceforge.net/p/gnuplot/bugs/1263/ bug] combining logscale and smooth frequency, workaround:
unset logscale y
set table 'hist_ temp.dat'
plot \
data using (hist($2)):(1.0) smooth frequency
unset table
plot 'hist_temp.dat' using 1:2
improved version, after finding a second [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/32523266/gnuplot-data-table-type-value-u-and-strange-bars-in-histogram-boxes bug], and using memory instead of file for table
unset logscale y
set table $histtabledata #'hist_temp.dat'
plot \
data using (hist($2)):(1.0) smooth frequency w points
unset table
plot $histtabledata using 1:($2 == 0 || strcol(3) eq "u" ? 1/0 : $2) w boxes lc rgb"red" notitle
# 1:0 -> $2 == 0 || strcol(3) eq "u" ? 1/0 : $2

===Misc===

====Bar/Box Chart Plot====
set style fill solid 0.5 border 0
set boxwidth 0.75 relative
plot data u 3:xticlabels(1) with boxes
# y = data column 3
# x label = data column 1

=====Stacked Boxes via histogram rowstacked=====
# settings for boxes
set style data histograms
set style histogram rowstacked
set boxwidth 1 relative
set style fill solid 1.0 border -1

plot data using 3:xticlabels(1)

====Errorbars====
plot data u ($1):($5):(0.1*$1):(0.1*$5) w xyerrorbars ps 0
plot data u ($1):($5):(0.1*$1) w xerrorbars
plot data u ($1):($5):(0.1*$5) w yerrorbars

====Dashed lines====
In terminal mp (which I prefere) use terminal option dashed and redefine the linestyles using lt 1 (solid) as template
set style line 1 lt 1 linecolor rgb "red"
set style line 2 lt 1 linecolor rgb "blue"
set style line 3 lt 1 linecolor rgb "magenta"
Furthermore define how your dashed (e.g. lt 6 as template) line shall look like and define e.g. ls 30 to it
set style line 30 lt 6 lw 1 linecolor rgb "dark-green"
Now you can plot data and line by
plot data u 1:5 ls 2
set arrow from 0.55, graph 0 to 0.55, graph 1 nohead ls 30 back

====Number or points to plot for analytic function====
set samples 200 # default = 100

====pause====
you can use
pause mouse
to let gnuplot stop continuing until you click the mouse

====extract a "cell" from data file====
# fetch data_file from last row, 2nd column of data (cut assumes tab separating by default)
value = system("tail -1 " . data_file . " | cut -f2)

====Find number of data points====
Better use Gnuplot way, see [[Gnuplot#Stats|Stats]] above

Version 1: count lines
set table "temptable.dat"
plot [fitLow0:fitHigh0] data using 1:3
unset table
pointsInRange0 = 0.0 + system (sprintf("grep -P ' i' temptable.dat | wc -l"))
system ("rm temptable.dat") ; system ("del temptable.dat")

Version 2: count lines where first value is in range min .. max
numPointsInRange (datafile, min, max, col) = 0 + system ("perl -e '\
$c = 0; \
while ( <> ) { \
$x = ( split /\t/ )[ 0 ]; \
$y = ( split /\t/ )[ ".sprintf("%d",col - 1)."]; \
if ( $x =~ m/^[0-9\.]+$/ \
and $y =~ m/^[0-9\.]+$/ \
and $y > 0 \
and $x >= ".sprintf("%.1f", min)." \
and $x <= ".sprintf("%.1f", max)." ) \
{$c++;} \
} print $c; \
' < ". datafile)
print numPointsInRange (data, date_min, fitHigh0, 12)

====Find min / max value====
Better use Gnuplot way, see [[Gnuplot#Stats|Stats]] above

using Perl
max=`! perl -e '$max=-1e38; while (<>) {@t=split; $max=$t[1] if $t[1]>$max}; print $max' < 22.5.dat`
min=`! perl -e '$min=+1e38; while (<>) {@t=split; $min=$t[1] if $t[1]<$min}; print $min' < 22.5.dat`
print min,max

Version 2
s = '$col=2; $f='."'".data."'".'; use warnings; \
open (FH, $f); @a = grep {not m/^#/ and not m/^\s*$/ } <FH>; close FH; \
@t=split /\t/ , shift @a ; $x=$t[$col-1]; print $x '
first=0.0+system("perl -e \"".s."\"")
print first

s = '$col=2; $f='."'".data."'".'; use warnings; \
open (FH, $f); @a = grep {not m/^#/ and not m/^\s*$/ } <FH>; close FH; \
@t=split /\t/ , pop @a ; $x=$t[$col-1]; print $x '
last=0.0+system("perl -e \"".s."\"")
print last

s = '$col=2; $f='."'".data."'".'; use warnings; $x=1e38;\
open (FH, $f); @a = grep {not m/^#/ and not m/^\s*$/ } <FH>; close FH; \
while ($l=shift @a) { @t=split /\t/,$l ; next if $#t<$col-1 ; $x=$t[$col-1] if $t[$col-1]<$x;} ; print $x '
min=0.0+system("perl -e \"".s."\"")
print min

s = '$col=2; $f='."'".data."'".'; use warnings; $x=-1e38;\
open (FH, $f); @a = grep {not m/^#/ and not m/^\s*$/ } <FH>; close FH; \
while ($l=shift @a) { @t=split /\t/,$l ; next if $#t<$col-1 ; $x=$t[$col-1] if $t[$col-1]>$x;} ; print $x '
max=0.0+system("perl -e \"".s."\"")
print max

Version 2a - Linux ( excape $)
s = '\$col=2; \$f='."'".d."'".'; use warnings; \
open (FH, \$f); @a = grep {not m/^#/ and not m/^\s*$/ } <FH>; close FH; \
@t=split /\t/ , shift @a ; \$x=\$t[\$col-1]; print \$x '

Version 3 (when using Perl to gen Gnuplot script)
my $colX=3; my $colY=2;
open (FH, $f);
my @a = grep {not m/^#/ and not m/^\s*$/} <FH>;
close FH;
my @b=split /\t/ , pop @a ;
my $lastX=$b[$colX-1];
my $lastY=$b[$colY-1];

$cont .= "set object 1 circle at $lastX , ($lastY*1E9) behind\n";

====Values of Tics in Logscale====
of only 3 minor tics are visible they are at 0.2 ; 0.5 ; 0.8

====Variables====
a=123
print "Variable a=",a
undef a
=====Export (fit-)Variables=====
a=12
# not so good... system(sprintf("echo A=%d >testausgabe.txt",a))
set print "../data/cases-de-gnuplot-fit.csv" append
print a
unset print

===Schnippsel===
c0C = 273.15
ckb = 1.38e-23
ce = 1.602e-19
ckbeV = ckb/ce

set x2tics (\
"25" (c0C+25) \
, "50" (c0C+50) \
, "75" (c0C+75) \
, "100" (c0C+100) \
, "125" (c0C+125) \
)
WARNING: you have to set x2 AND x ranges to the same! (so no autorange :-()

====Multiplot V3 : 2x2====
#!/usr/bin/gnuplot

term="eps"
color="sw"
color="color"
outtype="png-trans"
outtype="png-solid"
outtype="pdf"

if (color eq "sw") set terminal postscript monochrome
if (color eq "color") set terminal postscript color
set terminal postscript eps enhanced clip dashed size 15cm,15cm font ",22pt"
#fontfile add "uopr8a.pfa" fontfile add "uopri8a.pfa" fontfile add "uopb8a.pfa" font "URWClassico-Reg,22pt" # 10x7 # fontsize 14 = default

set encoding utf8
set border back

set style data points
set style function lines

set style increment user
# LineWitdh + Symbols
set style line 1 lw 4 ps 3 pointtype 8 #= dreieck oben
set style line 2 lw 4 ps 3 pointtype 10 #= dreieck unten

if (color eq "sw") set style line 1 lt 1 # voll
if (color eq "sw") set style line 2 lt 5 # Strich-Punkt
if (color eq "color") set style line 1 lt 1 linecolor rgb "red"
if (color eq "color") set style line 2 lt 1 linecolor rgb "blue"

# grid
set style line 40 lt 1 lw 2 linecolor rgb "grey70"
set grid ls 40

set ytics .4
set y2tics .4
set yrange [-1.2:+1.4]
set y2range [-1.2:+1.4]
set mytics 4 # minor ytics
set my2tics 4
set samples 300

# text will be inserted later on
set label 2 "" left front font ",20" at graph 0.05, graph 0.90

marL=0.12
marT=0.04
plotX=(1.0-marL-0.005)/2
plotY=plotX/1.618 # Golden Ratio = a:b = 1.618

set key box height 0.1 width -2 reverse noinvert Left opaque samplen 1 font ",18"
set key t l at screen marL + 0.85*plotX, screen 1.0-marT-1.25*plotY
set key off

set output "plot" . ".gp" . term
set multiplot

# (a)
set label 2 "(a) n=1"
set lmargin at screen marL
set rmargin at screen marL + 1*plotX
set tmargin at screen 1.0-marT
set bmargin at screen 1.0-marT-1*plotY

unset xlabel; set xtics format ""
unset ylabel; set ytics format ""
unset x2label; set x2tics format ""
unset y2label; set y2tics format ""

set ytics format "%g" # y Tics on

set key on
plot sin(x) t "sin(n x)", cos(x) t "cos(n x)"

# (b)
set label 2 "(b) n=2"

set lmargin at screen marL + 1*plotX
set rmargin at screen marL + 2*plotX
set tmargin at screen 1.0-marT
set bmargin at screen 1.0-marT-plotY

unset xlabel; set xtics format ""
unset ylabel; set ytics format ""
unset x2label; set x2tics format ""
unset y2label; set y2tics format ""

set key off
plot sin(2*x), cos(2*x)

# (c)
set label 2 "(c) n=3"

set lmargin at screen marL
set rmargin at screen marL + 1*plotX
set tmargin at screen 1.0-marT-1*plotY
set bmargin at screen 1.0-marT-2*plotY

unset xlabel; set xtics format ""
unset ylabel; set ytics format ""
unset x2label; set x2tics format ""
unset y2label; set y2tics format ""

set ytics add ("" 1.2) # prevent overwriting of label of (a)

# Axis Labels
set xlabel "X-LABEL" offset 13.5 , 0
set ylabel "Y-LABEL" offset 0 , 5

set xtics format "%g" # x Tics on
set ytics format "%g" # y Tics on

plot sin(3*x), cos(3*x)
unset xlabel ; unset ylabel

# (d)
set label 2 "(d) n=4"
set lmargin at screen marL + 1*plotX
set rmargin at screen marL + 2*plotX
set tmargin at screen 1.0-marT-1*plotY
set bmargin at screen 1.0-marT-2*plotY

unset xlabel; set xtics format ""
unset ylabel; set ytics format ""
unset x2label; set x2tics format ""
unset y2label; set y2tics format ""

set xtics format "%g" # x Tics on
set xtics add ("" -10) # prevent overwriting of label of (c)

set key on
plot sin(4*x) t "sin(n x)", cos(4*x) t "cos(n x)"

unset multiplot
unset output

# trim eps
s = 'epstool --copy --quiet --bbox "plot.gpeps" "plot.eps"' ; system (s) ; system "rm plot.gpeps"
# eps -> pdf
if (outtype eq "pdf") s = 'epstopdf --embed "plot.eps"' ; system (s) #embed=embed fonts
# eps -> png
if (outtype eq "png-solid") s = 'convert -density 150 -trim +repage "plot.gpeps" -background white -flatten +matte -type Palette "plot.png"' ; system (s)
if (outtype eq "png-trans") s = 'convert -density 150 -trim +repage "plot.gpeps" -transparent white "plot.png"' ; system (s)
# remove eps
system "rm plot.eps"

====Multiplot using macros and Xmargin at screen====
#!/usr/bin/gnuplot
# Demonstration of a common use scenario of the multiplot environment. AUTHOR: Hagen Wierstorf
# http://www.gnuplotting.org/multiplot-placing-graphs-next-to-each-other/

# Functions (1/0 means not defined)
a = 0.9
f(x) = abs(x)<2*pi ? a*sin(x) : 1/0
g(x) = abs(x)<2*pi ? a*sin(x+pi/2) : 1/0
h(x) = abs(x)<2*pi ? a*sin(x+pi) : 1/0
k(x) = abs(x)<2*pi ? a*sin(x+3.0/2*pi) : 1/0

unset key
#set tics scale 0.5
set ytics 1
set xrange [-2.5*pi:2.5*pi]
set yrange [-1.5:1.5]

# MACROS
set macros # Enable the use of macros
# x- and ytics for each row resp. column
NOXTICS = "set xtics ('' -2*pi, '' -pi,'' 0, '' pi, '' 2*pi); \
unset xlabel"
XTICS = "set xtics ('-2Pi' -2*pi, '-Pi' -pi,'0' 0, 'Pi' pi, '2Pi' 2*pi);\
set xlabel 'x'"
NOYTICS = "set format y ''; unset ylabel"
YTICS = "set format y '%.0f'; set ylabel 'y'"
# Margins for each row resp. column
TMARGIN = "set tmargin at screen 0.98; set bmargin at screen 0.58"
BMARGIN = "set tmargin at screen 0.58; set bmargin at screen 0.18"
LMARGIN = "set lmargin at screen 0.13; set rmargin at screen 0.56"
RMARGIN = "set lmargin at screen 0.56; set rmargin at screen 0.99"
# Placement of the a,b,c,d labels in the graphs
POS = "at graph 0.92,0.9 font ',18'"

### Start multiplot (2x2 layout)
set multiplot layout 2,2 rowsfirst
# --- GRAPH a
@TMARGIN; @LMARGIN
@NOXTICS; @YTICS
set label 1 'a' @POS
plot f(x) with lines ls 1
# --- GRAPH b
@TMARGIN; @RMARGIN
@NOXTICS; @NOYTICS
set label 1 'b' @POS
plot g(x) with lines ls 1
# --- GRAPH c
@BMARGIN; @LMARGIN
@XTICS; @YTICS
set label 1 'c' @POS
plot h(x) with lines ls 1
# --- GRAPH d
@BMARGIN; @RMARGIN
@XTICS; @NOYTICS
set label 1 'd' @POS
plot k(x) with lines ls 1
unset multiplot

====Insets====
# plot 2(inset)
set size 0.2,0.4
set origin 0.2,0.5
clear # !!! clears the plot area from grid lines etc
# draw frame
set object 1 rect from screen 0.2, screen 0.5 to screen 0.5, screen 0.9 back behind
set object 1 rect fc rgb "white" fillstyle solid 1.0
set lmargin 6; set bmargin 1.5; set rmargin 0;set tmargin 0
unset key
unset xlabel ; unset ylabel ; unset y2label

====My Plot Template====
allowing to choose between Terminal PNG or MetaPost

Main file '''plot.gp'''
#!/usr/bin/gnuplot
load "/MessSoftware/A_gnuplot-header.gp"

term = "png"
term = "mp"

plotfolder = "png_XYZ"

data1 = "data/Eins.dat"
data2 = "data/Zwei.dat"

set style data linespoints
set style increment user
set style line 1 linetype 1 lw 2 ps 2
set style line 2 linetype 2 lw 2 ps 2

if (term eq "mp" ) set terminal mp color solid latex psnfss prologues 2
if (term eq "png" ) set terminal png enhanced giant size 1024,768

data = data1
load "plot_c_vs_d1.gp" # in here is the plot function

data = data2
load "plot_c_vs_d1.gp" # again...

if (term eq "mp" ) s = "perl convert.pl " . plotfolder ; system (s)

plot file '''plot1.gp''', executed for each data set
f(x) = m*x+b
fit f(x) data using (log($1)):(log($2)) via m,b
fe(x) = x**m * exp(b)
set label 1 sprintf("m=%.2f",m) at graph 0.05, graph 0.75
set output plotfolder . "/" . "." . term
plot \
data u ($1):($2) notitle \
, fe(x) title "fit" w lines lw 1
unset output ; unset label 1

perl script '''convert.pl''' for converting .mp to png and .mps
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use warnings;use strict;

my $del_mps = 1;
my $dpi = 222.841; # -> 28cm in ooimpress

my $plotdir = "png";
$plotdir = shift if @ARGV;
chdir $plotdir or die $!;

my @a = <*.mp>;
foreach my $f (@a) {
print "-->$f\n";
$_ = $f;
$f =~ s/ /_/g;
`mv "$_" "$f"` unless ($_ eq $f);
my $fname = $f;
$fname =~ s/\.[^\.]*?$//; # remove ext
print system("mpost -tex=latex '$fname.mp'");
print "\n";
my @b = grep {m/\.[\d]+$/} grep {-f $_} <$fname.*>;
$f = $b[0];
print `mv "$f" "$fname.mps"`;
print `convert -density $dpi "$fname.mps" "$fname.png"`;
print `rm "$fname.mps"` if $del_mps;
unlink ( split " ", "$fname.eps $fname.mp $fname.mpx $fname.log");
print "\n";
}

$_ = "mpxerr.tex"; unlink $_ if -f $_;

====Perl: plotAll.pl====
Perl script for generating a plotAll.gp file for all files matching */*.log. In plotAll.gp a file named plot1.gp is loaded for each file, which contains the gnuplot commands.

use strict; use warnings;
#use v5.10; # say
#use Data::Dumper;
#my $pathToGnuplot = '"C:\Program Files (x86)\gnuplot\bin\gnuplot.exe"';
my $gpoutfile = "plotAll.gp";
my $gpplot1 = "plot1.gp";
my @Files = <*/*.log>; #print Dumper @Files;
open (my $fh, ">", $gpoutfile) or die $!;
print $fh "print \"Gnuplot Start\"\n";
foreach my $file (@Files){
print $fh "data = \"$file\" ; load \"$gpplot1\" \n";
}
close $fh;
#$_ = "$pathToGnuplot $gpoutfile";
$_ = "$gpoutfile";
system($_);
unlink $gpoutfile;

====Filled Curves====
set style fill solid 1.0 noborder
plot [:] [*:*] \
,f1(x) with filledcurve y1=0 lc rgb "gray80" \
f2(x) with filledcurve y1=0 lc rgb "gray60" \
,f1(x) ls 2 \
,f2(x) ls 3
# first the areas, than the lines in the right linecolor

=====Filled Area between 2 Curves=====
f1(x) = sin(x)
f2(x) = x+1
set style fill solid 0.4 border
plot \
'+' using 1:(f1($1)):(f2($1)) with filledcurve
# '+' allows treatment of functions as data

=====Color-map of 3d data=====
set palette defined (0 "white", 1 "blue", 2000 "red")
set logscale cb
set view map
splot data u 2:1:3 with image

Gnuplot - Revision history

Torben at 20:54, 30 October 2024